Could water become a flashpoint between Islamabad and New Delhi?
GS2Polity · Governance · IR· India's bilateral relations· Prelims + Mains·
Why in news
Pakistan warned India against suspending participation in the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) following India's move to suspend participation over security concerns.
Background
The Indus Water Treaty (IWT) was brokered in 1960 to govern the sharing of the Indus River's resources between India and Pakistan. India recently suspended its participation in the treaty's framework citing security threats from Pakistani-linked groups.
Facts for Prelims
- Intl. orgIndus Water Treaty (IWT): A water-sharing treaty between India and Pakistan signed in 1960.
- FactThe IWT governs the distribution of three perennial rivers: Indus, Chenab, and Jhelum to India, and Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej to Pakistan.
- PlaceIndus River: Originates in the Tibetan Plateau and flows through India, Pakistan, and China.
For Mains
Q. Examine how the Indus Water Treaty serves as a mechanism for conflict management between India and Pakistan despite escalating security tensions.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Hydro-political friction: Balancing domestic water security needs with international treaty obligations under the IWT.
- Security-Water nexus: The use of water infrastructure as a tool of leverage during periods of heightened cross-border tension.
Keywords: Hydro-politics · Conflict Management · Water Diplomacy · Strategic Leverage · Treaty Compliance
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