GER in higher education rises to 30%, female GER exceeds male GER

Why in news

The AISHE 2023-24 report reveals a record Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 30% in higher education, with female GER (31.2%) surpassing male GER (28.9%) for the first time.

Background

The All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2023-24 shows total enrolment reached 4.5 crore students, a 31.5% increase. Arts is the most popular undergraduate stream at 34%, while distance education accounts for 8% of total enrolment.

Facts for Prelims

• FactGross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education reached 30% in 2023-24.
• FactFemale GER (31.2%) exceeded male GER (28.9%) in the 2023-24 survey.
• FactGender Parity Index (GPI) in higher education stands at 1.08 as of 2023-24.
• FactArts constitutes 34% of total undergraduate enrolment, followed by Science at 15%.
• FactDistance education accounts for approximately 8% of total higher education enrolment.

For Mains

Q. Analyze the factors contributing to the rising female Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education and its implications for India's demographic dividend.

Dimensions to cover in your answer

• Gender parity shift: Transition from male-dominated to female-led enrolment reflecting changing socio-cultural norms and aspirations.
• Skill-mismatch risk: High preference for Arts (34%) vs. technical streams may impact employability in a manufacturing-led economy.
• Access vs. Quality: Rapid expansion of total enrolment to 4.5 crore students necessitates focus on infrastructure and pedagogical standards.

Keywords: Gross Enrolment Ratio · Gender Parity Index · Demographic Dividend · AISHE · Human Capital · Skill Mismatch

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