India Pauses Indus Waters Treaty, Citing Pakistan’s Terror Links and Climate Impact
GS2Polity · Governance · IR· India's bilateral relations· Prelims + Mains·
Why in news
India has placed the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) in abeyance following the Pahalgam terror attack in April 2025, citing Pakistan's support for terrorism and climate-induced water scarcity.
Background
The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) was the basis for water sharing between India and Pakistan. India's move follows the April 20, 2025, Pahalgam terror attack. New electricity projects are slated to generate 5,300 megawatts over a five-year period.
Facts for Prelims
- Intl. orgIndus Waters Treaty (IWT): A water-sharing treaty between India and Pakistan signed in 1960.
- FactIndia's planned electricity projects aim to generate 5,300 megawatts over a five-year period starting from 2026.
- PlacePahalgam: Location of the terror attack on April 20, 2025, which triggered the treaty review.
For Mains
Q. Examine how non-traditional security threats like terrorism and climate change are reshaping the dynamics of long-standing bilateral water-sharing agreements between India and Pakistan.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Security-Water Nexus: Linking hydro-diplomacy to counter-terrorism measures and cross-border security cooperation.
- Climate Vulnerability: Impact of reduced water volumes in eastern rivers on treaty feasibility and regional water security.
- Infrastructure Asymmetry: Disparity in storage facility construction and its effect on equitable water distribution.
Keywords: Hydro-diplomacy · Non-traditional security · Climate-induced water stress · Strategic autonomy · Water-sharing architecture
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