Scientists Spread Crushed Volcanic Rock to Capture CO₂ and Boost Crops
GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Nuclear & new energy technology· Prelims + Mains·
Why in news
Scientists are exploring Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) as a dual-purpose strategy to sequester atmospheric CO₂ and enhance agricultural productivity.
Background
ERW involves spreading crushed volcanic rock (basalt) over farmland to accelerate natural chemical reactions with rainwater. The process converts CO₂ into bicarbonate ions, which eventually wash into the oceans, while simultaneously releasing essential nutrients like calcium and magnesium into the soil.
Facts for Prelims
- S&TEnhanced Rock Weathering (ERW): A carbon sequestration technique using crushed silicate rocks like basalt.
- FactBasaltic rock releases calcium and magnesium ions during the weathering process.
- S&TBicarbonate ions: The chemical form of carbon produced by rock weathering that eventually enters the ocean.
For Mains
Q. Examine how Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) can serve as a viable Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) strategy while addressing food security challenges.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Soil chemistry dynamics: Balancing the neutralization of soil acidity with the risk of heavy metal accumulation from crushed minerals.
Keywords: Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) · Carbon Sequestration · Soil Health · Climate Mitigation · Enhanced Rock Weathering
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