UPSC Key: Tiger Reserves restoration, FDC drugs, and US turns 250

Why in news

The Environment Ministry marked the 18th anniversary of tiger reintroductions at Sariska Tiger Reserve while addressing habitat loss and the ban on 16 fixed-dose combination (FDC) drugs.

Background

The government is prioritizing interventions in 25 tiger reserves where tiger populations are currently scarce. The ban on 16 FDC drugs aims to mitigate risks from irrational drug combinations and promote evidence-based medicine.

Facts for Prelims

• EnvironmentSariska Tiger Reserve: Located in Rajasthan, notable for tiger reintroduction programs.
• FactThe government is prioritizing interventions in 25 tiger reserves with scarce tiger populations.
• S&TFixed-Dose Combination (FDC) drugs: Medications containing two or more active pharmaceutical ingredients in a single dosage form.

For Mains

Q. Discuss the ecological challenges of managing tiger dispersal in fragmented habitats and suggest measures to ensure the sustainability of 'source populations' in tiger reserves.

Dimensions to cover in your answer

• Habitat fragmentation: Loss of corridor connectivity leading to genetic isolation and increased human-wildlife conflict
• Prey base depletion: Scarcity of natural prey forcing tigers into agricultural zones and livestock predation
• Regulatory oversight: Balancing the accessibility of affordable FDC drugs with the necessity of evidence-based pharmaceutical safety

Keywords: Habitat fragmentation · Source populations · Human-wildlife conflict · Evidence-based medicine · Biodiversity conservation

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